Fibroids can grow in different parts of the womb:

• Inside the muscle wall (intramural)

• Just under the womb lining (submucosal)

• On the outer surface of the womb (subserosal)

• On a stalk (pedunculated)

• In or around the cervix (the neck of the womb)

We do not know exactly why fibroids develop, but they are linked to oestrogen (a female hormone). They tend to shrink after the menopause when oestrogen levels fall. Risk factors include:

• Family history of fibroids

• Being overweight

• Being of African-Caribbean background

• Early periods (before age 11)

Some women have no symptoms at all. When fibroids do cause problems, they may include:

• Heavy or long periods, pelvic pain or pressure

• Bloating or a feeling of fullness

• Needing to pass urine more often

• Constipation

• Pain during sex

• Difficulty getting pregnant (depending on size and position)

No. If you have no symptoms or only mild ones, you may not need any treatment at all. Many fibroids shrink naturally after menopause.

Not always. Some fibroids, depending on their size and position, can make it harder to get pregnant. If you’re trying for a baby, your doctor can advise on whether treatment is needed.

Yes, fibroids can sometimes return after treatment, especially if your womb is preserved. Your doctor will discuss the most suitable options based on your individual situation.