Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Pelvic organ prolapse happens when one or more of the pelvic organs (such as the bladder, womb, or bowel) drop down from their usual position and push into the vaginal wall. This is due to weakening of the pelvic floor muscles and supporting tissues.
Frequently Asked Questions
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Pelvic organ prolapse can stem from a variety of factors including:
Pregnancy and vaginal childbirth (especially with forceps or a large baby)
Ageing and the menopause (due to lower oestrogen levels)
Repeated straining (due to constipation, heavy lifting, or chronic cough)
Being overweight
Family history
Previous pelvic surgery (like hysterectomy)
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Bladder prolapse (cystocele) – front vaginal wall bulge
Uterine prolapse – womb drops down into the vagina
Vaginal vault prolapse – top of the vagina drops down after hysterectomy
Bowel prolapse (rectocele or enterocele) – back wall of the vagina bulges due to rectum or small bowel pushing through
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A feeling of pressure or fullness in the vagina
A bulge or lump in or outside the vagina
Discomfort during sex
Difficulty emptying the bladder or bowel
Needing to go to the toilet more often
Feeling something is “falling out”
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Mild prolapse may improve with pelvic floor exercises and lifestyle changes, but more severe prolapse is unlikely to go away without treatment. Supportive measures can help manage symptoms.
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Yes. Many women with prolapse continue to have a comfortable and satisfying sex life. If you experience discomfort, speak to your doctor about treatment options or using a pessary.
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Not always. Many women manage well with pelvic floor exercises or a vaginal pessary. Surgery is offered if symptoms are significant or other treatments haven’t helped. Your doctor will guide you through the options